Furnace.



Patented Dec. l2, |899. J. B.ABCHER.

F U R N A C E (AI-plicaton led July 24, 1899.)

3 Sheets-Sheet (No Model.)

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No. 638,689. Patented Dec. l2, |899. J. B. ARCHER.

FURNACE.

(Application led July 24, 1899.) (No Model 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

4 I- f l No. 638,689. Patented Dec.'|2, |899.

J. B. ARCHER.

FURNACE.

(Application led Ju 1y 24, 1899.) (N0 MOBL) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

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UNITED STATES PATENT EEICE.

JOHN B. ARCHER, OF OAKLAND, CALIFORNIA.

FU RNACE.

SPECIFICATION forming* pari', Of Letters Patent NO. 638,689, dated.December 12, 1899.

Application filed July Z4, 1899. Serial No. 724,999. (No modeLl To allwhom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN B. ARCHER, a citizen of the United States,residing at Oakland, in the county of Alameda and lState of Oalifornia,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Furnaces; and I dohereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact descriptionof said invention, such as will enable others skilled in the artto whichit most nearly appertainsto make, use, and practice the same.

This invention relates to improvements in furnaces.

In the drawings, Figure l is a vertical longitudinal section of a boilerprovided with a furnace constructed in accordance with this invention.Fig. 2 is a plan view of a furnace as shown in Fig. l, the boiler andsupportingwalls being removed. Fig. 3 isa detail View in plan of asupplemental draft apparatus constructed in accordance with thisinvention and shown in its twin or double construction. Fig. 4 is across-section of the same, taken on the lines X' X'.

The object of the present invention is to consume the heavy gases whichcome off from the combustion in the form of smoke and to increase theefficiency in the combustion itself.

With these objects in view the invention consists in the production anduse of an apparatus for spreading the heavy gases in an attenuated sheetand to rotate the same horizontally in the combustion-space to cause aCyclonic movement of the same, and whereby it is returned for part ofthe rotation against the natural line of draft in the furnace and intothe combustion.

The appliance, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4:, is introduced in the sidewalls of the fire-box of a furnace in such a manner that the fire-box issurrounded on all sides. The appliance consists of a hollow box A,preferably rectangular in cross-section, from the interior of whichprotrude twyers A'. It is designed that the hollow box should becontained within the walls of the fire-box and the face of the same beprotected by fire-brick B or suitablyconstructed tile or otherrefractory material. lhe twyers are centrally bored, as shown in Fig. 3of the drawings, in such a manner that the perforations are at an angleto the boxA horizontally. The inclination of these twyers tensions ofthebox Aare provided with twyers y set at the same angle when viewed insuccession, producing in the completed box A a set of twyers on the oneextension or side diametrically oppositely inclined to the adjoiningextensions and directly oppositely inclined to the twyers of theopposite extension. When the air is forced into the box A and from thebox through the twyers, the immediate effect is to produce a rotaryaction of the air as it is ejected into the central or combustion spaceover the fire-space of the firebox at the desired distance above thetire.

The box A is provided with an inlet extension A2, extended beyond thefront wall of the furnace to receive the connections O' of the mainforced-air-draft system C.

The box A is preferablyconstructed of cast metal. It is placed in thewall of the furnace to surround the fire-box, as shown in Figs. l and 2.The metal is protected bythe facing of fire ltile or bricks B.

The preferred location of the box, as shown in Fig. l of. the drawings,is above the gratebars sufficiently high to raise the opening of thedouble or more sets of twyers a suitable distance above the bed of thefire. By this arrangement the jets of air entering through the twyersstrike the gases as they come o the fire-bed and mix them with theoxygen of the air, while breaking up any gas volumes which may haveformed. The volumes of admixedair and gas are by reason of thearrangement of the twyers given a horizontal and rotary motion of arapidity proportionate to the force with which the air is driven fromthe twyers. This rotary motion produces an effect of any centrifugalaction to throw the heavier particles outward, which in this case arethe uncombusted gases. These strike on the projections formed on theside Walls and are broken up and scattered and intermixed thereby.

To provide a surface which will separate and break up the combined airand gas volumes when thrown against the side of theA combustion-space bythe action above mentioned, I have provided the interrupted projectivesurface shown in Fig. l of the draw tively.

ings. This surface is produced by the peculiar construction andarrangement of the brick or tile E, which constitute the walls of thecombustion-space above the grate-bars. In the drawings the light anddark spaces are used to indicate the ends of the adjacent bricks or tileadvanced and receded, respec- It Will be noticed that these tile aretriangular in shape and arranged to present one angle of the triangleupward; but I do not coniine myself to the particular shape or form oftile or brick. Another eifect produced by this construction other thanthe segregation and disintegration of the gas volume is to present smallends or projections which will become heated to a high degree in a veryshort time by the combustion in the fire-box. This heating of the tilehas an added effect in that when the gas is thrown against them the sameis at once raised to combustion-point, and there otherwise escapinggases are utilized. A further advantage gained by this interrupted surface of the firebox when used in conjunction with the appliance forrotating the gases and flame, as herein described, is that the outerperiphery of the gases and the flame is retarded, producing a system ofsecondary rotations, caused by the air on the inner side of the circletraveling at a greater rate of speed than the air on the periphery, allof which coperate in producing the purposes for which this invention wasdesigned-namely,the aggregation of the gas volume and the perfectadmixture of the oxygen of the air with the same and also the moreperfect utilization of the heat thus generated by this completeadmixture and intermingling of oxygen of the air and liberated gasesfrom the burning f neland also by the perfect combustion thus securedthe formation of smoke is absolutely prevented.

The air is injected into the chamber A by means of a forced-draft systemconsisting of the connections C', which are provided With a valve O2,coil C, and the connecting-pipe to the blower C3.

In some instances it is desired to control the force or volume of air inthe sides of the box A independently. This is accomplished by thedampers or gates D, which are provided with handles leading to theoutside of the furnace, as shown in the drawings.

Having thus described this invention, it is claimedl. The combinationwith a furnace having a tire-box, of a hollow box or tube arranged tosurround said fire-box, obliquely-arranged twyers projectinghorizontally from said box or tube and provided with central borescommunicating with the latter, and an air-pipe communicating with saidbox or tube; substantially as set forth.

2. The combination with a furnace having a fire-box, of a hollow box ortube arranged to surround said fire-box, obliquely-arranged twyersprojecting horizontally from said box or tube and provided with centralbores communicating with the latter, a non-combustible facing interposedbetween said twyers, and an air-inlet pipe communicating with said boxor tube; substantially as set forth.

3. The combination with a furnace having a fire-box, of a hollowmetallic box or tube arranged to surround said fire-box and having anair-inlet branch, obliquely-arranged horizontal twyers projecting fromsaid box or tube and provided with central bores communicating with thelatter, and an air-feeding pipe connected to said air-inlet branch,substantially as set forth.

4. The combination with a furnace having a re-box, of a hollow box ortube arranged to surround said lire-box, obliquely-arranged twyersprojecting horizontally from said box or tube and provided with centralbores communicating with the latter, an air-pipe communicating with saidbox or tube, and an interrupted projective surface located in saidfire-box above said box or tube; substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 8th day of May,1899.

JOHN B. ARCHER.

Vitnesses:

AUGUST N. NILssoN, ARTHUR W. Down.

